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81.
对In(0.2)Ga(0.8)As/GaAs应变多量子阱在77K下的光调制反射谱(PR)和热调制反射谱(TR)进行了实验研究.对PR结果的线形拟合指认了应变多量子阱中子能级的跃迁,并与理论计算结果作了比较.实验对比确认PR中11H、13H等跃迁结构为非耦合态、具有电场调制机构的一阶微商性质.而11L、31H、22H等跃迁结构为阶间耦合态,对这些隧穿耦合的低场调制产生三阶微商特性. 相似文献
82.
When using a conventional demodulator, a sufficient condition to maintain ODS-CDMA codeword orthogonality is constant relative channel amplitude over the codeword duration. When transmitted over a memoryless, AM/PM nonlinearity channel, the chip-to-chip fluctuating amplitude of a composite ODS-CDMA QPSK waveform produces a chip-to-chip fluctuating phase that deorthogonalizes the ODS-CDMA codewords, resulting in an additional multiple access self-interference similar to that found in asynchronous DS-CDMA. For ODS-CDMA QPSK in an AM/PM nonlinearity channel, we utilize the Central Limit Theorem, derive, and evaluate: (i) an expression for the signal-to-distortion ratio at the demodulator output, (ii) an expression for the uncoded bit error probability, and (iii) an upper bound on the convolutionally-coded bit error probability. We find that the degradation to BER depends on both the AM/PM nonlinearity slope and the ODS-CDMA channel loading. 相似文献
83.
Neil Roberts Silas Barbosa Lance D. Blumhardt Ron A. Kawoski Richard H. T. Edwards 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》1994,2(3):375-378
Point counting represents a convenient and efficient technique for estimating the area of transects through multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions on magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained for sections through the brain. When sectioning has been performed according to the Cavalieri method, unbiased estimates of the total volume of MR-visible MS plaques can be obtained with a precision of 3–5% in 5–10 min. 相似文献
84.
大庆油田水平井分流压裂技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
水平井分流压裂的技术原理是将水平井的水平段分成若干个单元,在每个单元的最佳部位进行射孔,每段的射孔数由孔径、单元数、设计施工排量等参数决定,射孔方案为压裂方案的有机组成部分。大庆油田已有5口水平井实施分流压裂,根据油层厚度分为两类:裂缝限制在油层内和裂缝穿透隔层贯穿多个薄油层。通过肇57-平35井和肇57-平33井进行的分流压裂贯穿多个油层现场试验,介绍了大庆油田水平井分流压裂的设计方法、压裂液体系、现场施工控制方法和效果分析方法。微地震裂缝监测结果表明,在最大施工排量7.5m^3/mim条件下,一次施工形成3~4条裂缝,加砂量最大达到75m^3(陶粒),平均砂比达到35%以上。水平井采用分流压裂技术施工后,初期产能可达到相邻直井压裂后产能的2.0倍以上。如何检测裂缝是否穿透了隔层并贯穿多个油层,是指导水平井分流压裂技术的选井选层,提高压裂效果的关键技术。图8表2参2。 相似文献
85.
通过对奥氏体耐热钢21-4N碳化物析出行为的研究,探讨了对性能的影响,提出了改善其综合性能的措施和方法. 相似文献
86.
Graziosi Fabio Ruggieri Marina Santucci Fortunato 《Wireless Personal Communications》2002,21(2):141-162
In this paper the performance of a packet mobile radio network is studied inthe presence of shadow fading outage intervals.Under quite general assumptions for the medium access protocol,the probability mass function of the sequence of packets that may be lostdue to an outage interval is derived. It is seen that long sequences of lostpackets are likely to occur for typical values of the mobile speed andshadowing correlation parameters.For delay constrained sources, e.g., voice, the analysis is mainly focused atderiving the probability function of the sequence of dropped packetsand the probability of dropping. For data sources, the delay statistic isalso derived. In the latter case, the effect of finite buffer length isaddressed. Simulation is used to verify the accuracy of approximations introduced in the analysis. 相似文献
87.
多目标模糊优选理论在水资源系统中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
开放的水资源系统分析理论应是水资源学与系统科学等多种学科的结合 ,介绍一种新兴而实用的水资源系统分析技术———半结构性决策系统模糊优选理论的基本原理及其应用。 相似文献
88.
微絮凝接触过滤处理低浊度含藻水的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过现场试验,对微絮凝过滤处理生活用水所带来的一系列问题进行了详细、科学的分析,在大量试验数据基础上对产生问题的原因进行了研究并取得了初步结论。在此基础上,提出了改进措施,取得了实效。 相似文献
89.
Fusion of multi-sensor information is an important technology, which is growing exponentially due to its tremendous application potential in many areas. Effective fusion of data from sensors is very critical in increasing an intelligent system's capability to accomplish complex tasks. Appropriate fusion technologies are needed to be developed specially when a system requires redundant sensors to be used. More the redundancy in sensors, more is the computational complexity for controlling the system and more is its intelligence level. This research presents a strategy developed for multiple sensor fusion, based on geometric optimization. Each sensor's uncertainty has been modeled using classical Lagrangian optimization techniques. However, the uniqueness and effectiveness of the present technique lies on the fact that starting from the optimized value as initial estimate the accuracy of the sensory information has further been improved up to any pre defined bounded range, by developing two architectures – FFA (fission–fusion architecture) and FDD (fusion in differential domain). Sufficient evidences and analyses have been provided in the paper to show its effectiveness in various applications. 相似文献
90.
Optimal Operation of Reservoir Systems using Simulated Annealing 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A stochastic search technique, simulated annealing (SA), is used to optimize the operation of multiple reservoirs. Seminal application of annealing technique in general to multi-period, multiple-reservoir systems, along with problem representation and selection of different parameter values used in the annealing algorithm for specific cases is discussed. The search technique is improved with the help of heuristic rules, problem-specific information and concepts from the field of evolutionary algorithms. The technique is tested for application to a benchmark problem of four-reservoir system previously solved using a linear programming formulation and its ability to replicate the global optimum solution is examined. The technique is also applied to a system of four hydropower generating reservoirs in Manitoba, Canada, to derive optimal operating rules. A limited version of this problem is solved using a mixed integer nonlinear programming and results are compared with those obtained using SA. A better objective function value is obtained using simulated annealing than the value from a mixed integer non-linear programming model developed for the same problem. Results obtained from these applications suggest that simulated annealing can be used for obtaining near-optimal solutions for multi-period reservoir operation problems that are computationally intractable. 相似文献